近日，浙江大学景俊团队研究了马约拉纳零模的通用量子控制。2025年11月17日出版的《物理评论A》杂志发表了这项成果。

由于任意子准粒子的非阿贝尔编织统计中的拓扑保护机制，马约拉纳零模式（Majorana zero mode，MZM）对局部参数涨落表现出固有的弹性。

研究组在通用量子控制的理论框架下，构造了三个MZM中任意对之间的编织操作。在晶格的局部缺陷中介体上大量失谐的驱动场，使任意两个MZMs之间的交换相互作用成为间接的和可调谐的。然后，编织操作可以沿着普遍非绝热通道的时间演化出现，其对驱动场误差和准粒子中毒的稳定性可通过通道依赖的全局相位的快速调制而大大增强。此外，在不消除中介体缺陷的情况下，MZMs上种群沿通用通道的手性转移可以以顺时针和逆时针的方式完美地证明。该协议是线性可扩展的，并为MZM的通用量子控制提供了一条途径，这是拓扑量子计算的基础和必要条件。

附：英文原文

Title: Universal quantum control over Majorana zero modes

Author: Zhu-yao Jin, Jun Jing

Issue&Volume: 2025/11/17

Abstract: Majorana zero mode (MZM) exhibits inherent resilience to local parametric fluctuations, due to the topological protection mechanism in the non-Abelian braiding statistics of the anyonic quasiparticles. In this paper, we construct the braiding operations between an arbitrary pair in three MZMs under the theoretical framework of universal quantum control. Largely detuned driving fields on the mediator, a local defect of lattice, enable indirect and tunable exchange interaction between arbitrary two MZMs. The braiding operations can then emerge through the time evolution along the universal nonadiabatic passages, whose robustness against driving-field errors and quasiparticle poisoning can be substantially enhanced by the rapid modulation over the passage-dependent global phase. Moreover, a chiral transfer for population on MZMs along the universal passage can be perfectly demonstrated in both clockwise and counterclockwise manners without eliminating the mediator defect. Our protocol is linear scalable and provides an avenue towards the universal quantum control over MZMs, which is fundamental and essential for topological quantum computation.

DOI: 10.1103/sf19-3dc4

Source: https://journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10.1103/sf19-3dc4