近日，英国布里斯托大学S. Popescu团队研究了无辐射电荷加速。2026年2月12日，相关成果发表在《美国科学院院刊》杂志上。

电磁辐射的存在——无论是无线电波、微波、光还是X射线等——是最重要的物理现象之一，而人类操控这些辐射的能力则是最卓著的技术成就之一。这一能力的根基，在于学界对辐射产生机制的理解：只要电荷加速，就会辐射。至少，这是迄今举世公认的认知。

然而，研究组在此证明，量子力学框架下的电荷可以在加速状态下不产生辐射。实现这一行为的物理设置相对简单（一旦知晓该如何操作），但其内在机理颇为深邃：它依托于量子力学中的核心事实——粒子即使不受力作用，亦可经由阿哈罗诺夫-玻姆效应而被加速。研究组认为，此处揭示的现象仅是冰山一角——它昭示着人们需要重新审视对辐射的基本理解。最后显而易见的是，这一效应远不止于电磁学范畴，而可延伸至任何形式的辐射。

附：英文原文

Title: Charge acceleration without radiation

Author: Aharonov, Y., Collins, D., Popescu, S.

Issue&Volume: 2026-2-12

Abstract: The existence of electromagnetic radiation—radio waves, microwaves, light, X-rays, and so on—is one of the most important physical phenomena, and our ability to manipulate them is one of the most significant technological achievement of humankind. Underlying this ability is our understanding of how radiation is produced: Whenever an electric charge is accelerated, it radiates. Or, at least, this is how it has been hitherto universally thought. Here, we prove that quantum mechanically electric charges can be accelerated without radiating. The physical setup leading to this behavior is relatively simple (once one knows what to do), but its reasons are deep: It relies on the fact that quantum mechanically particles can be accelerated even when no forces act on them, via the Aharonov–Bohm effect. As we argue, the effect presented here is just the tip of an iceberg–it implies the need to reconsider the basic understanding of radiation. Finally, it seems clear that the effect goes far beyond electromagnetism and applies to any kind of radiation.

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2533033123

Source: https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2533033123