地壳岩浆的不平衡反应揭示了储存条件
近日，德国慕尼黑路德维希马克西米利安大学Janine Birnbaum团队报道了地壳岩浆的不平衡反应揭示了储存条件。2026年3月25日出版的《自然》杂志发表了这一最新研究成果。
岩浆的聚集与储存条件是揭示地壳形成、行星分异、地热补给及火山喷发过程的关键。传统方法通常通过喷发的火山产物来反推岩浆的储存压力、温度及挥发分饱和状态。然而，岩浆在数千米上升过程中会发生不平衡结晶与气泡化作用，基于蚀变产物反演原始储存条件存在难以克服的不确定性。
研究组借助冰岛克拉夫拉火山的岩浆钻探项目，探索重建真实原位岩浆状态的新途径。结果表明，在约5分钟的岩浆淬火过程中，由H2O和CO2构成的气泡经历了出溶、生长与再吸收，但通过多参数反演（结合化学成分、气孔率与玻化程度）可量化这些变化。研究揭示，该岩浆实际储存在挥发分饱和的岩石静压条件下，这与传统方法认为的低蒸气压结论形成鲜明对比。这种新的非平衡态模拟使玻璃成分与岩浆储存概念模型相统一，并首次实现了单个岩浆体精确测量深度与挥发分压力的直接匹配，为理解岩浆储存条件与演化提供了可靠的新方法。
附：英文原文
Title: Disequilibrium response to tapping crustal magma reveals storage conditions
Author: Birnbaum, Janine, Wadsworth, Fabian B., Kendrick, Jackie E., Kennedy, Ben, Wallace, Paul A., da Silva, Marize Muniz, Hess, Kai-Uwe, Lavalle, Yan
Issue&Volume: 2026-03-25
Abstract: The conditions under which magma accumulates and is stored are fundamental to unravelling the processes of crust formation, planetary differentiation, geothermal heat recharge and volcanic eruptions. Storage pressure, temperature and volatile saturation are typically inferred from erupted volcanic products. However, changes during kilometres of magma ascent induce disequilibrium crystallization and vesiculation, and inverting back to storage conditions comes with unresolvable uncertainties. Here we explore opportunities arising from magma drilling at Krafla volcano, Iceland, to reconstruct real, in situ magmatic conditions. The findings show that, over the approximately 5min in which the magma is quenched, vapour bubbles consisting of H2O and CO2 exsolve, grow and resorb, but the changes can be accounted for by multiparametric inversion (for chemistry, vesicularity and vitrification), and that the magma was stored under volatile-saturated lithostatic conditions, unlike previous assertions of lower vapour pressures based on classic methods1. These new disequilibrium simulations reconcile the glass chemistry with conceptual models of magma storage and provide us with the unique pairing of precisely measured depth and volatile pressure on a single magma body and thus a robust method to improve our understanding of magma storage conditions and evolution.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-026-10317-w
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10317-w
期刊信息
Nature：《自然》，创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：69.504
投稿链接：http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html
