阿秒分子光离中的纠缠和电子相干性
近日，西班牙马德里自治大学F. Martín团队报道了阿秒分子光离中的纠缠和电子相干性。2026年4月1日出版的《自然》杂志发表了这项成果。
由分子光电离产生的电子相干性是阿秒电荷迁移过程的基础，后者作为实现可控电荷定向反应的可能途径而受到广泛研究。然而，光电离常常产生纠缠的离子和光电子。这种纠缠削弱了在离子内部或其伴随光电子中探索相干超快电子动力学的能力。
研究组展示了实验与计算结果：通过相位锁定的两个孤立阿秒激光脉冲与一个少周期近红外（NIR）激光脉冲的组合，对氢分子进行电离。在解离的H2+离子中，电子相干性受到离子-光电子纠缠的影响。研究组通过改变两个阿秒脉冲之间的延迟以及这些脉冲与少周期近红外脉冲之间的延迟，展示了对纠缠度的实验控制。该工作表明，在阿秒实验中，为了优化观测电子相干性，恰当考虑量子纠缠的作用至关重要。
附：英文原文
Title: Entanglement and electronic coherence in attosecond molecular photoionization
Author: Koll, L.-M., Suer-Rubio, A. J., Witting, T., Bello, R. Y., Palacios, A., Martn, F., Vrakking, M. J. J.
Issue&Volume: 2026-04-01
Abstract: Electronic coherences resulting from molecular photoionization underlie the process of attosecond charge migration, widely investigated as a possible path towards controlled charge-directed reactivity1,2,3,4. However, photoionization often creates entangled ions and photoelectrons. This entanglement compromises the ability to explore coherent ultrafast electron dynamics within ions or of their accompanying photoelectrons5,6,7,8. Here we present experiments and calculations in which hydrogen molecules are ionized by the combination of a phase-locked pair of isolated attosecond laser pulses and a few-cycle near-infrared (NIR) laser pulse. The electronic coherence in the dissociating H2+ ion is influenced by ion–photoelectron entanglement. We demonstrate experimental control over the degree of entanglement by varying the delay between the two attosecond pulses and the delay between these pulses and the few-cycle NIR pulse. Our work demonstrates the importance of proper consideration of the role of quantum entanglement for the optimal observation of electronic coherences in attosecond experiments.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-026-10230-2
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10230-2
期刊信息
Nature：《自然》，创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：69.504
投稿链接：http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html
